Research · Meta-analysis
Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and risk of fractures: an updated meta-analysis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation
What it found
Combined calcium + vitamin D cut hip fractures by ~30% (RR 0.70) and total fractures by ~15% (RR 0.85); the benefit is concentrated in older and institutionalized people.
- Design
- Meta-analysis
- Year
- 2016
- Sample size
- 30,970
- Population
- middle-aged-to-older adults, community-dwelling and institutionalized (8 RCTs)
- Intervention
- calcium plus vitamin D supplementation vs placebo
- Outcome
- incident hip and total fractures
- Journal
- Osteoporosis International
Citation last checked 2026-06-21.